The Complexities Behind DNA Profiling

DNA profiling helps solve the world’s most dangerous and somewhat undetectable crimes. Even the smallest of clues left at crime scenes can give forensic scientists the upper hand in a criminal investigation. With today’s technology, the smallest of human tissues, containing few cells, can be multiplied within hours, eventually giving a full DNA profile of an individual.

  

                    

An article published in October 2004 by News Report, shared that DNA profiling helped solve a 22- year old murder case. 

[http://www.govtech.com/public-safety/DNA-Profiling-Helps-Solve-22-year-old-Murder.html] 

How can DNA still be detected in a study from so long ago?

The Answer?

The power of advanced technology…

The new testing, even from eight years ago, yielded the evidence of the 1983 case and a mitochondrial DNA profile obtained from a blood sample of the suspect in the murder.

The Result?

Arbie Dean Williams, now 61 years old, was formally charged on Aug. 18, 2004, with the murder of Linda Strait.

AKA: Justice was served.

This case is a prime example of the great complexity of DNA and the advanced technology that continues to grow in ways of learning more and more about a person’s genetic identity. 

SO… How does DNA profiling work?

Well, I have learned that it is a big dark, curious realm that seems to never end. But… to the basics… Here it goes!

The DNA is first extracted from its biological source (from the piece of evidence.) In order to use the DNA it must be isolated from its cells. Using a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) machine, scientists are able to extract the needed amount of DNA from its biological source. The PCR machine is able to make millions of copies of a sequence of DNA to create a genetic profile.

Once the DNA is isolated, it is used into a gel electrophoresis test which actually breaks up DNA fragments with the hope of detecting an individual’s match for the DNA.

                            

DNA profiling is such a broad and expanding sub field within forensic science. It’s pretty neat in that it provides the justification in most criminal cases.